Hi,
I ran the test and this is the output.
fio --name=random-write --ioengine=posixaio --rw=randwrite --bs=64k --size=4g --numjobs=8 --runtime=60 --time_based --end_fsync=1
random-write: (g=0): rw=randwrite, bs=(R) 64.0KiB-64.0KiB, (W) 64.0KiB-64.0KiB, (T) 64.0KiB-64.0KiB, ioengine=posixaio, iodepth=1
...
fio-3.19
Starting 8 processes
random-write: Laying out IO file (1 file / 4096MiB)
random-write: Laying out IO file (1 file / 4096MiB)
random-write: Laying out IO file (1 file / 4096MiB)
random-write: Laying out IO file (1 file / 4096MiB)
random-write: Laying out IO file (1 file / 4096MiB)
random-write: Laying out IO file (1 file / 4096MiB)
random-write: Laying out IO file (1 file / 4096MiB)
Jobs: 8 (f=8): [F(8)][100.0%][eta 00m:00s]
Jobs: 1 (f=1): [F(1),_(7)][100.0%][eta 00m:00s]
random-write: (groupid=0, jobs=1): err= 0: pid=676991: Wed Jul 3 19:24:37 2024
write: IOPS=429, BW=26.9MiB/s (28.2MB/s)(2677MiB/99672msec); 0 zone resets
slat (usec): min=3, max=246, avg= 6.08, stdev= 3.95
clat (usec): min=3, max=71488, avg=1386.41, stdev=6821.03
lat (usec): min=48, max=71492, avg=1392.49, stdev=6820.96
clat percentiles (usec):
| 1.00th=[ 50], 5.00th=[ 52], 10.00th=[ 54], 20.00th=[ 58],
| 30.00th=[ 63], 40.00th=[ 70], 50.00th=[ 76], 60.00th=[ 85],
| 70.00th=[ 102], 80.00th=[ 130], 90.00th=[ 190], 95.00th=[ 441],
| 99.00th=[39584], 99.50th=[44827], 99.90th=[57410], 99.95th=[61604],
| 99.99th=[67634]
bw ( KiB/s): min=21418, max=519025, per=18.71%, avg=44898.10, stdev=75007.89, samples=119
iops : min= 334, max= 8109, avg=701.16, stdev=1171.97, samples=119
lat (usec) : 4=0.01%, 50=1.71%, 100=67.72%, 250=23.26%, 500=2.50%
lat (usec) : 750=0.43%, 1000=0.19%
lat (msec) : 2=0.24%, 4=0.12%, 10=0.14%, 20=0.30%, 50=3.11%
lat (msec) : 100=0.28%
cpu : usr=0.37%, sys=0.53%, ctx=42855, majf=0, minf=30
IO depths : 1=100.0%, 2=0.0%, 4=0.0%, 8=0.0%, 16=0.0%, 32=0.0%, >=64=0.0%
submit : 0=0.0%, 4=100.0%, 8=0.0%, 16=0.0%, 32=0.0%, 64=0.0%, >=64=0.0%
complete : 0=0.0%, 4=100.0%, 8=0.0%, 16=0.0%, 32=0.0%, 64=0.0%, >=64=0.0%
issued rwts: total=0,42836,0,0 short=0,0,0,0 dropped=0,0,0,0
latency : target=0, window=0, percentile=100.00%, depth=1
random-write: (groupid=0, jobs=1): err= 0: pid=676992: Wed Jul 3 19:24:37 2024
write: IOPS=484, BW=30.3MiB/s (31.8MB/s)(2976MiB/98267msec); 0 zone resets
slat (usec): min=3, max=1639, avg= 5.98, stdev= 8.57
clat (usec): min=41, max=74854, avg=1252.32, stdev=6526.08
lat (usec): min=45, max=74859, avg=1258.30, stdev=6526.07
clat percentiles (usec):
| 1.00th=[ 47], 5.00th=[ 50], 10.00th=[ 51], 20.00th=[ 55],
| 30.00th=[ 60], 40.00th=[ 66], 50.00th=[ 71], 60.00th=[ 77],
| 70.00th=[ 89], 80.00th=[ 116], 90.00th=[ 165], 95.00th=[ 326],
| 99.00th=[39060], 99.50th=[43779], 99.90th=[56886], 99.95th=[60556],
| 99.99th=[69731]
bw ( KiB/s): min=21291, max=828087, per=20.46%, avg=49120.98, stdev=102400.01, samples=119
iops : min= 332, max=12938, avg=767.13, stdev=1599.97, samples=119
lat (usec) : 50=6.62%, 100=68.01%, 250=19.30%, 500=2.02%, 750=0.36%
lat (usec) : 1000=0.12%
lat (msec) : 2=0.13%, 4=0.04%, 10=0.09%, 20=0.25%, 50=2.78%
lat (msec) : 100=0.27%
cpu : usr=0.41%, sys=0.28%, ctx=47641, majf=0, minf=30
IO depths : 1=100.0%, 2=0.0%, 4=0.0%, 8=0.0%, 16=0.0%, 32=0.0%, >=64=0.0%
submit : 0=0.0%, 4=100.0%, 8=0.0%, 16=0.0%, 32=0.0%, 64=0.0%, >=64=0.0%
complete : 0=0.0%, 4=100.0%, 8=0.0%, 16=0.0%, 32=0.0%, 64=0.0%, >=64=0.0%
issued rwts: total=0,47623,0,0 short=0,0,0,0 dropped=0,0,0,0
latency : target=0, window=0, percentile=100.00%, depth=1
random-write: (groupid=0, jobs=1): err= 0: pid=676993: Wed Jul 3 19:24:37 2024
write: IOPS=503, BW=31.5MiB/s (33.0MB/s)(2941MiB/93429msec); 0 zone resets
slat (usec): min=3, max=454, avg= 5.89, stdev= 4.17
clat (usec): min=40, max=73140, avg=1267.20, stdev=6555.24
lat (usec): min=44, max=73144, avg=1273.08, stdev=6555.18
clat percentiles (usec):
| 1.00th=[ 47], 5.00th=[ 50], 10.00th=[ 51], 20.00th=[ 55],
| 30.00th=[ 62], 40.00th=[ 68], 50.00th=[ 73], 60.00th=[ 80],
| 70.00th=[ 93], 80.00th=[ 119], 90.00th=[ 167], 95.00th=[ 318],
| 99.00th=[39060], 99.50th=[43779], 99.90th=[57410], 99.95th=[61080],
| 99.99th=[65274]
bw ( KiB/s): min=21972, max=774219, per=20.27%, avg=48642.93, stdev=98713.71, samples=119
iops : min= 343, max=12097, avg=759.67, stdev=1542.36, samples=119
lat (usec) : 50=6.71%, 100=66.52%, 250=20.83%, 500=1.87%, 750=0.32%
lat (usec) : 1000=0.11%
lat (msec) : 2=0.15%, 4=0.06%, 10=0.09%, 20=0.25%, 50=2.84%
lat (msec) : 100=0.26%
cpu : usr=0.43%, sys=0.28%, ctx=47085, majf=0, minf=29
IO depths : 1=100.0%, 2=0.0%, 4=0.0%, 8=0.0%, 16=0.0%, 32=0.0%, >=64=0.0%
submit : 0=0.0%, 4=100.0%, 8=0.0%, 16=0.0%, 32=0.0%, 64=0.0%, >=64=0.0%
complete : 0=0.0%, 4=100.0%, 8=0.0%, 16=0.0%, 32=0.0%, 64=0.0%, >=64=0.0%
issued rwts: total=0,47063,0,0 short=0,0,0,0 dropped=0,0,0,0
latency : target=0, window=0, percentile=100.00%, depth=1
random-write: (groupid=0, jobs=1): err= 0: pid=676994: Wed Jul 3 19:24:37 2024
write: IOPS=487, BW=30.5MiB/s (31.0MB/s)(3008MiB/98676msec); 0 zone resets
slat (usec): min=2, max=205, avg= 6.07, stdev= 3.88
clat (usec): min=38, max=79278, avg=1238.08, stdev=6487.39
lat (usec): min=42, max=79283, avg=1244.15, stdev=6487.33
clat percentiles (usec):
| 1.00th=[ 47], 5.00th=[ 49], 10.00th=[ 51], 20.00th=[ 55],
| 30.00th=[ 60], 40.00th=[ 66], 50.00th=[ 71], 60.00th=[ 78],
| 70.00th=[ 91], 80.00th=[ 114], 90.00th=[ 165], 95.00th=[ 306],
| 99.00th=[39060], 99.50th=[43254], 99.90th=[56886], 99.95th=[61080],
| 99.99th=[70779]
bw ( KiB/s): min=21418, max=773818, per=20.75%, avg=49810.71, stdev=104949.98, samples=119
iops : min= 334, max=12090, avg=777.90, stdev=1639.82, samples=119
lat (usec) : 50=7.82%, 100=67.15%, 250=19.22%, 500=1.87%, 750=0.31%
lat (usec) : 1000=0.11%
lat (msec) : 2=0.11%, 4=0.06%, 10=0.10%, 20=0.23%, 50=2.77%
lat (msec) : 100=0.25%
cpu : usr=0.43%, sys=0.28%, ctx=48148, majf=0, minf=27
IO depths : 1=100.0%, 2=0.0%, 4=0.0%, 8=0.0%, 16=0.0%, 32=0.0%, >=64=0.0%
submit : 0=0.0%, 4=100.0%, 8=0.0%, 16=0.0%, 32=0.0%, 64=0.0%, >=64=0.0%
complete : 0=0.0%, 4=100.0%, 8=0.0%, 16=0.0%, 32=0.0%, 64=0.0%, >=64=0.0%
issued rwts: total=0,48131,0,0 short=0,0,0,0 dropped=0,0,0,0
latency : target=0, window=0, percentile=100.00%, depth=1
random-write: (groupid=0, jobs=1): err= 0: pid=676995: Wed Jul 3 19:24:37 2024
write: IOPS=481, BW=30.1MiB/s (31.6MB/s)(2959MiB/98276msec); 0 zone resets
slat (usec): min=3, max=1091, avg= 5.89, stdev= 6.23
clat (usec): min=38, max=72245, avg=1259.93, stdev=6538.51
lat (usec): min=42, max=72248, avg=1265.82, stdev=6538.45
clat percentiles (usec):
| 1.00th=[ 47], 5.00th=[ 50], 10.00th=[ 51], 20.00th=[ 55],
| 30.00th=[ 61], 40.00th=[ 67], 50.00th=[ 72], 60.00th=[ 79],
| 70.00th=[ 91], 80.00th=[ 116], 90.00th=[ 163], 95.00th=[ 326],
| 99.00th=[39060], 99.50th=[43779], 99.90th=[56361], 99.95th=[60556],
| 99.99th=[66847]
bw ( KiB/s): min=21461, max=728414, per=20.44%, avg=49054.72, stdev=100246.31, samples=119
iops : min= 335, max=11381, avg=766.10, stdev=1566.33, samples=119
lat (usec) : 50=7.23%, 100=67.05%, 250=19.61%, 500=1.99%, 750=0.33%
lat (usec) : 1000=0.14%
lat (msec) : 2=0.18%, 4=0.07%, 10=0.11%, 20=0.24%, 50=2.81%
lat (msec) : 100=0.26%
cpu : usr=0.42%, sys=0.27%, ctx=47356, majf=0, minf=29
IO depths : 1=100.0%, 2=0.0%, 4=0.0%, 8=0.0%, 16=0.0%, 32=0.0%, >=64=0.0%
submit : 0=0.0%, 4=100.0%, 8=0.0%, 16=0.0%, 32=0.0%, 64=0.0%, >=64=0.0%
complete : 0=0.0%, 4=100.0%, 8=0.0%, 16=0.0%, 32=0.0%, 64=0.0%, >=64=0.0%
issued rwts: total=0,47337,0,0 short=0,0,0,0 dropped=0,0,0,0
latency : target=0, window=0, percentile=100.00%, depth=1
random-write: (groupid=0, jobs=1): err= 0: pid=676996: Wed Jul 3 19:24:37 2024
write: IOPS=485, BW=30.4MiB/s (31.8MB/s)(2907MiB/95772msec); 0 zone resets
slat (usec): min=3, max=428, avg= 6.11, stdev= 4.48
clat (usec): min=40, max=71527, avg=1281.96, stdev=6594.41
lat (usec): min=44, max=71530, avg=1288.07, stdev=6594.36
clat percentiles (usec):
| 1.00th=[ 48], 5.00th=[ 50], 10.00th=[ 52], 20.00th=[ 56],
| 30.00th=[ 62], 40.00th=[ 68], 50.00th=[ 73], 60.00th=[ 81],
| 70.00th=[ 95], 80.00th=[ 121], 90.00th=[ 172], 95.00th=[ 334],
| 99.00th=[39060], 99.50th=[44303], 99.90th=[57410], 99.95th=[61080],
| 99.99th=[68682]
bw ( KiB/s): min=21461, max=682633, per=20.11%, avg=48260.18, stdev=95392.93, samples=119
iops : min= 335, max=10666, avg=753.70, stdev=1490.49, samples=119
lat (usec) : 50=5.71%, 100=66.96%, 250=21.17%, 500=2.00%, 750=0.34%
lat (usec) : 1000=0.12%
lat (msec) : 2=0.14%, 4=0.06%, 10=0.11%, 20=0.25%, 50=2.85%
lat (msec) : 100=0.28%
cpu : usr=0.44%, sys=0.25%, ctx=46527, majf=0, minf=29
IO depths : 1=100.0%, 2=0.0%, 4=0.0%, 8=0.0%, 16=0.0%, 32=0.0%, >=64=0.0%
submit : 0=0.0%, 4=100.0%, 8=0.0%, 16=0.0%, 32=0.0%, 64=0.0%, >=64=0.0%
complete : 0=0.0%, 4=100.0%, 8=0.0%, 16=0.0%, 32=0.0%, 64=0.0%, >=64=0.0%
issued rwts: total=0,46511,0,0 short=0,0,0,0 dropped=0,0,0,0
latency : target=0, window=0, percentile=100.00%, depth=1
random-write: (groupid=0, jobs=1): err= 0: pid=676997: Wed Jul 3 19:24:37 2024
write: IOPS=489, BW=30.6MiB/s (32.1MB/s)(2931MiB/95722msec); 0 zone resets
slat (usec): min=3, max=191, avg= 6.01, stdev= 3.74
clat (nsec): min=1707, max=71359k, avg=1270990.13, stdev=6570440.44
lat (usec): min=42, max=71363, avg=1277.00, stdev=6570.40
clat percentiles (usec):
| 1.00th=[ 47], 5.00th=[ 50], 10.00th=[ 51], 20.00th=[ 55],
| 30.00th=[ 61], 40.00th=[ 67], 50.00th=[ 72], 60.00th=[ 80],
| 70.00th=[ 94], 80.00th=[ 117], 90.00th=[ 163], 95.00th=[ 322],
| 99.00th=[39060], 99.50th=[43779], 99.90th=[57410], 99.95th=[61080],
| 99.99th=[69731]
bw ( KiB/s): min=21291, max=746197, per=20.23%, avg=48557.45, stdev=97727.99, samples=119
iops : min= 332, max=11659, avg=758.34, stdev=1526.97, samples=119
lat (usec) : 2=0.01%, 50=6.71%, 100=66.51%, 250=20.82%, 500=1.77%
lat (usec) : 750=0.39%, 1000=0.13%
lat (msec) : 2=0.15%, 4=0.06%, 10=0.09%, 20=0.24%, 50=2.84%
lat (msec) : 100=0.28%
cpu : usr=0.41%, sys=0.30%, ctx=46909, majf=0, minf=30
IO depths : 1=100.0%, 2=0.0%, 4=0.0%, 8=0.0%, 16=0.0%, 32=0.0%, >=64=0.0%
submit : 0=0.0%, 4=100.0%, 8=0.0%, 16=0.0%, 32=0.0%, 64=0.0%, >=64=0.0%
complete : 0=0.0%, 4=100.0%, 8=0.0%, 16=0.0%, 32=0.0%, 64=0.0%, >=64=0.0%
issued rwts: total=0,46892,0,0 short=0,0,0,0 dropped=0,0,0,0
latency : target=0, window=0, percentile=100.00%, depth=1
random-write: (groupid=0, jobs=1): err= 0: pid=676998: Wed Jul 3 19:24:37 2024
write: IOPS=495, BW=30.0MiB/s (32.5MB/s)(2964MiB/95726msec); 0 zone resets
slat (usec): min=3, max=221, avg= 5.94, stdev= 3.63
clat (usec): min=40, max=70949, avg=1257.52, stdev=6529.32
lat (usec): min=43, max=70953, avg=1263.46, stdev=6529.26
clat percentiles (usec):
| 1.00th=[ 47], 5.00th=[ 49], 10.00th=[ 51], 20.00th=[ 55],
| 30.00th=[ 60], 40.00th=[ 67], 50.00th=[ 72], 60.00th=[ 78],
| 70.00th=[ 89], 80.00th=[ 113], 90.00th=[ 159], 95.00th=[ 310],
| 99.00th=[39060], 99.50th=[43779], 99.90th=[56361], 99.95th=[60556],
| 99.99th=[68682]
bw ( KiB/s): min=21418, max=735097, per=20.46%, avg=49115.02, stdev=100888.51, samples=119
iops : min= 334, max=11485, avg=767.03, stdev=1576.35, samples=119
lat (usec) : 50=7.97%, 100=67.55%, 250=18.65%, 500=1.79%, 750=0.32%
lat (usec) : 1000=0.10%
lat (msec) : 2=0.12%, 4=0.06%, 10=0.10%, 20=0.26%, 50=2.80%
lat (msec) : 100=0.27%
cpu : usr=0.42%, sys=0.27%, ctx=47431, majf=0, minf=28
IO depths : 1=100.0%, 2=0.0%, 4=0.0%, 8=0.0%, 16=0.0%, 32=0.0%, >=64=0.0%
submit : 0=0.0%, 4=100.0%, 8=0.0%, 16=0.0%, 32=0.0%, 64=0.0%, >=64=0.0%
complete : 0=0.0%, 4=100.0%, 8=0.0%, 16=0.0%, 32=0.0%, 64=0.0%, >=64=0.0%
issued rwts: total=0,47419,0,0 short=0,0,0,0 dropped=0,0,0,0
latency : target=0, window=0, percentile=100.00%, depth=1
Run status group 0 (all jobs):
WRITE: bw=234MiB/s (246MB/s), 26.9MiB/s-31.5MiB/s (28.2MB/s-33.0MB/s), io=22.8GiB (24.5GB), run=93429-99672msec
Disk stats (read/write):
dm-0: ios=38/460181, merge=0/0, ticks=22/1979186, in_queue=1979208, util=97.80%, aggrios=545/226794, aggrmerge=0/234520, aggrticks=623/974274, aggrin_queue=974898, aggrutil=85.39%
sda: ios=545/226794, merge=0/234520, ticks=623/974274, in_queue=974898, util=85.39%
From what I understand is 246MB/s. I should probably get more since there is not limit on the VPS?